Although many form types are used universally, each culture favours certain ones. The musical interrelationship among the lines is described as the form. Tunes may have from two to eight lines, but most often there are four. The typical folk song is strophic: the tune is repeated several times with successive stanzas of a poem. The modern European style, which is mainly of urban and western European provenance, is in effect something of a compromise between the other two. The style is often associated with group singing in which the voices blend well. The old European style, characteristic of central, eastern, and parts of northern Europe, is more relaxed the sound is produced with full voice. The Eurasian style, which is found mainly in southern Europe and parts of Britain and Ireland, as well as in the Middle East and South Asia, is tense, ornamented, and essentially associated with solo singing. Using different criteria, the American folk music scholar Alan Lomax identified three main singing styles, which he called Eurasian, old European, and modern European. Both singing styles can be heard in many parts of Europe and in European-derived folk music. Parlando-rubato, stressing the words, departs frequently from strict metric and rhythmic patterns and is often highly ornamented, while tempo giusto follows metric patterns and maintains an even tempo. In his studies of east European folk music, the Hungarian composer and ethnomusicologist Béla Bartók identified two primary singing styles in European folk music, which he named parlando-rubato and tempo giusto. The manner of singing and the tone colour of instrumental music vary by ethnicity and class. The sometimes strange, harsh, and tense voice and the elaborate ornamentation in folk song is no more or less natural-or intentional-than the vocal style of formally trained singers. Vocal and instrumental performance qualities differ considerably from those of Western art music. Performance characteristics of folk music Singing stylesĪlthough each culture has its distinct style, folk music across Europe has important common features. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century. Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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